| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| Boyu Li, Limin Ye, Cheng Zhang, Ruofan Liu, Chi Wang, Xiaotian Zhang, Hong Ji, Haibo Y. Effects of glycerol monolaurate on estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormones, offspring quality, and mRNA expression of reproductive-related genes of zebrafish (Danio rerio) females. Fish physiology and biochemistry. 2024-04-16. PMID:38625478. |
these results suggest that gml may stimulate the expression of gnrh2 and gnrh3 by increasing the expression level of kiss1 and kiss2 genes in the hypothalamus, thus promoting the synthesis of fsh and e2. |
2024-04-16 |
2024-04-18 |
zebrafish |
| Huijuan Zhang, Juntao Wu, Nanxi Fang, Shengbin Zhang, Xiaomei Su, Huiling Jiang, Pei Hong, Hailong Wu, Yilin Sh. Waterborne exposure to microcystin-leucine arginine induces endocrine disruption and gonadal dysplasia of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis. The Science of the total environment. 2023-10-08. PMID:37806583. |
after mc-lr exposure, the gene transcripts encoding gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh1 and gnrh2) were down-regulated in the hypothalamus, while gonadotropins (fsh and lh) levels increased in serum. |
2023-10-08 |
2023-10-15 |
Not clear |
| Dengyue Yuan, Bin Wang, Tao Tang, Luo Lei, Chaowei Zhou, Zhiqiong Li, Lijun L. Characterization and evaluation of the tissue distribution of CRH, apelin, and GnRH2 reveal responses to feeding states in Schizothorax davidi. Fish physiology and biochemistry. vol 47. issue 2. 2021-07-26. PMID:33417073. |
notably, the levels of crh and gnrh2 increased in the hypothalamus at 1 h and 3 h post-feeding, while hypothalamic apelin levels decreased. |
2021-07-26 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Dengyue Yuan, Bin Wang, Tao Tang, Luo Lei, Chaowei Zhou, Zhiqiong Li, Lijun L. Characterization and evaluation of the tissue distribution of CRH, apelin, and GnRH2 reveal responses to feeding states in Schizothorax davidi. Fish physiology and biochemistry. vol 47. issue 2. 2021-07-26. PMID:33417073. |
conversely, crh and gnrh2 expression in the hypothalamus significantly decreased after fasting for 7 days and returned to the control levels after re-feeding for 3 or 5 days. |
2021-07-26 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Dengyue Yuan, Bin Wang, Tao Tang, Luo Lei, Chaowei Zhou, Zhiqiong Li, Lijun L. Characterization and evaluation of the tissue distribution of CRH, apelin, and GnRH2 reveal responses to feeding states in Schizothorax davidi. Fish physiology and biochemistry. vol 47. issue 2. 2021-07-26. PMID:33417073. |
furthermore, crh was mainly expressed in the hypothalamus, telencephalon, and myelencephalon; apelin was highly expressed in the spleen and heart; and gnrh2 mrna was widely distributed in all examined tissues, with the highest level in the hypothalamus. |
2021-07-26 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Ruidong Zhang, Haitao Nie, Shulong Duan, Peng Yan, Ali Izaz, Renping Wang, Yongkang Zhou, Xiaobing W. Cloning, characterisation and expression profile of kisspeptin1 and the kisspeptin1 receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis of Chinese alligator Alligator sinensis during the reproductive cycle. Reproduction, fertility, and development. vol 32. issue 8. 2021-02-19. PMID:32389180. |
the changes in gnrh2 mrna in the hypothalamus were similar to those of gnrh1 and peaked during the reproductive period. |
2021-02-19 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Bodil Ohlsso. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Role in the Enteric Nervous System. Frontiers in endocrinology. vol 8. 2019-11-20. PMID:28638366. |
in mammals, gnrh1 is secreted as a hormone from the hypothalamus, whereas both gnrh1 and gnrh2 are present as neurotransmitters/peptides in various tissues, where the peptides exert many different effects. |
2019-11-20 |
2023-08-13 |
human |
| Weiting Chen, Shuk-Wa Lau, Yuqin Fan, Rudolf S S Wu, Wei G. Juvenile exposure to bisphenol A promotes ovarian differentiation but suppresses its growth - Potential involvement of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone. Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands). vol 193. 2017-12-07. PMID:29055862. |
these effects did not seem to involve the hypothalamus because neither bpa nor e2 altered the expression of kiss1, kiss2, gnrh2 and gnrh3 in the hypothalamus. |
2017-12-07 |
2023-08-13 |
zebrafish |
| Bodil Ohlsso. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles in Relation to the Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract. European surgical research. Europaische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales europeennes. vol 57. issue 1-2. 2017-04-21. PMID:27089503. |
in mammals, gnrh1 is secreted as a hormone from the hypothalamus, whereas both gnrh1 and gnrh2 are present as neuropeptides in a variety of tissues. |
2017-04-21 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| ShunLong Meng, LiPing Qiu, GengDong Hu, LiMin Fan, Chao Song, Yao Zheng, Wei Wu, JianHong Qu, DanDan Li, JiaZhang Chen, Pao X. Effects of methomyl on steroidogenic gene transcription of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver axis in male tilapia. Chemosphere. vol 165. 2017-04-19. PMID:27643660. |
however, higher concentrations of methomyl (20 and 200 μg/l) disrupted the endocrine system and caused significant increase in the levels of gnrh2, gnrh3, erα, and erβ genes in the hypothalamus, gnrhr and fshβ genes in the pituitary, cyp19a, fshr, and erα genes in the testis, and vtg and erα genes in the liver, and significantly decreased the levels of lhr, star, 3β-hsd, and arα genes in the testis and lhβ gene in the pituitary, leading to changes in sex steroid hormone and vitellogenin levels in the serum and ultimately resulting in reproductive dysfunction in male tilapia. |
2017-04-19 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Amy T Desaulniers, Rebecca A Cederberg, Ginger A Mills, J Joe Ford, Clay A Lents, Brett R Whit. LH-Independent Testosterone Secretion Is Mediated by the Interaction Between GNRH2 and Its Receptor Within Porcine Testes. Biology of reproduction. vol 93. issue 2. 2016-05-19. PMID:26134865. |
we discovered that gnrh2 levels were higher in the testis than in the anterior pituitary gland or hypothalamus, corresponding to greater gnrhr2 abundance in the testis versus the anterior pituitary gland. |
2016-05-19 |
2023-08-13 |
human |
| Felipe Espigares, Manuel Carrillo, Ana Gómez, Silvia Zanu. The forebrain-midbrain acts as functional endocrine signaling pathway of Kiss2/Gnrh1 system controlling the gonadotroph activity in the teleost fish European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Biology of reproduction. vol 92. issue 3. 2016-02-22. PMID:25609835. |
to establish the gene expression cascade involved in the action of kisspeptins, the expression of the two sea bass kisspeptin receptor genes (kiss1r and kiss2r) and the three sea bass gnrh genes (gnrh1, gnrh2, and gnrh3) were analyzed in the forebrain-midbrain and the hypothalamus. |
2016-02-22 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Yi Ta Shao, Yung Che Tseng, Chia-Hao Chang, Hong Young Yan, Pung Pung Hwang, Bertil Bor. GnRH mRNA levels in male three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, under different reproductive conditions. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology. vol 180. 2015-08-21. PMID:25446939. |
moreover, higher gnrh2 mrna levels in the th and higher gnrh3 mrna levels in the t+poa and hypothalamus (hypth) were also found in long-day sham-operated males than in sham-operated fish kept under an inhibitory short day photoperiod. |
2015-08-21 |
2023-08-13 |
chicken |
| H Ando, S Ogawa, Md Shahjahan, T Ikegami, H Doi, A Hattori, I Parha. Diurnal and circadian oscillations in expression of kisspeptin, kisspeptin receptor and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 2 genes in the grass puffer, a semilunar-synchronised spawner. Journal of neuroendocrinology. vol 26. issue 7. 2015-02-06. PMID:24824153. |
the cyclic expression of kiss2, kiss2r and gnrh2 may be important in the control of the precisely-timed diurnal and semilunar spawning rhythm of the grass puffer, possibly through the circadian clock and melatonin, which may transmit the photoperiodic information of daylight and moonlight to the reproductive neuroendocrine centre in the hypothalamus. |
2015-02-06 |
2023-08-13 |
Not clear |
| Sarah M Tuziak, Hélène Volkof. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus): molecular characterization, distribution and effects of fasting. General and comparative endocrinology. vol 184. 2013-09-05. PMID:23298570. |
fasting reduces gnrh2 and gnrh3 mrna expression in the optic tectum/thalamus and hypothalamus, and telencephalon/preoptic area, respectively, compared with fed fish. |
2013-09-05 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Ryo Nishiguchi, Morio Azuma, Eri Yokobori, Minoru Uchiyama, Kouhei Matsud. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 suppresses food intake in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Frontiers in endocrinology. vol 3. 2012-10-23. PMID:23087673. |
we also examined the effect of feeding condition on the expression level of the gnrh2 transcript in the hypothalamus. |
2012-10-23 |
2023-08-12 |
chicken |